In the appendix to their recently published Handbook of Black Studies, Asante and Karenga note that “the naming of the discipline” remains “unsettled” (Asante & Karenga, 2006, p. The academic discipline is known by various names. 5 Universities and colleges with Black studies departments, programs, and courses.3.7 Four Basic Tasks of the Black Studies Scholar.3.3.4 Criticisms and responses to criticisms.3.3.3 Differences between Afrocentricity and Afrocentrism.īlack Studies departments, programs, and courses were also created in the United Kingdom, the Caribbean, Brazil, and Canada. The creation of programs and departments in black studies was a common demand of protests and sit-ins by minority students and their allies, who felt that their cultures and interests were underserved by the traditional academic structures. In February 1968, San Francisco State hired sociologist Nathan Hare to coordinate the first black studies program and write a proposal for the first Department of Black Studies the department was created in September 1968 and gained official status at the end of the five-months strike in the spring of 1969. Programs and departments of Black Studies in the United States were first created in the 1960s and 1970s as a result of inter-ethnic student and faculty activism at many universities, sparked by a five-month strike for black studies at San Francisco State. Woodson, Herbert Aptheker, Melville Herskovits, and Lorenzo Dow Turner.
Among the pioneers in the first half of the 20th century were Carter G. Du Bois, The Suppression of the African Slave-trade to the United States of America, 1896). Intensive academic efforts to reconstruct African American history began in the late 19th century ( W. The field also uses various kinds of research methods. The field includes scholars of African American, Afro-Canadian, Afro-Caribbean, Afro-Latino, Afro-European, and African literature, history, politics, and religion as well as those from disciplines, such as sociology, anthropology, cultural studies, psychology, education, and many other disciplines within the humanities and social sciences. Black studies, or Africana studies (with nationally specific terms, such as African American studies and Black Canadian studies), is an interdisciplinary academic field that primarily focuses on the study of the history, culture, and politics of the peoples of the African diaspora and Africa.
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